Sinopsis
Surgery is a discipline based on principles that have evolved from basic research and centuries of trial and error. These principles pervade every area of surgery, whether oral and maxillofacial, periodontal, or gastrointestinal. Part I provides information about patient health evaluation, managing medical emergencies, and surgical concepts, which together form the necessary foundation for presentations of the specialized surgical techniques in succeeding chapters in this book.
Many patients have medical conditions that affect their ability to tolerate oral and maxillofacial surgery and anesthesia. Chapter 1 discusses the process of evaluating the health status of patients. This chapter also describes methods of modifying surgical treatment plans to safely accommodate patients with the most common medical problems. Preventing medical emergencies in the patient undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgery or other forms of dentistry is always easier than managing emergencies should they occur. Chapter 2 discusses the means of recognizing and managing common medical emergencies in the dental office. Just as important, Chapter 2 also provides information about measures to lower the probability of emergencies.
Contemporary surgery is guided by a set of guiding principles, most of which apply no matter where in the body they are put into practice. Chapter 3 covers the most important principles for those practitioners who perform surgery of the oral cavity and maxillofacial regions.
Surgery always leaves a wound, whether one was initially present or not. Although obvious, this fact is often forgotten by the inexperienced surgeon, who may act as if the surgical procedure is complete once the final suture has been tied and the patient leaves. The surgeon’s primary responsibility to the patient continues until the wound has healed; therefore, an understanding of wound healing is mandatory for anyone who intends to create wounds surgically or manage accidental wounds. Chapter 4 presents basic wound healing concepts, particularly as they relate to oral surgery.
The work of Semmelweiss and Lister in the 1800s made clinicians aware of the microbial origin of postoperative infections, thereby changing surgery from a last resort to a more predictably successful endeavor. The advent of antibiotics designed to be used systemically further advanced surgical science, allowing elective surgery to be performed at low risk. However, pathogenic communicable organisms still exist, and when the epithelial barrier is breached during surgery, these can cause wound infections or systemic infectious diseases. The most serious examples are the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In addition, microbes resistant to even to the most powerful antimicrobials today are emerging, making surgical asepsis more important than ever. Chapter 5 describes the means of minimizing the risk of significant wound contamination and the spread of infectious organisms among individuals. This includes thorough decontamination of surgical instruments, disinfection of the room in which surgery is performed, lowering of bacterial counts in the operative site, and adherence to infection control principles by the members of the surgical team—in other words, strict adherence to aseptic technique.
Content
- PRINCIPLES OF SURGERY
- PRINCIPLES OF EXODONTIA
- PREPROSTHETIC AND IMPLANT SURGERY
- INFECTIONS
- MANAGEMENT OF ORAL PATHOLOGIC LESIONS
- ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL TRAUMA
- DENTOFACIAL DEFORMITIES
- TEMPOROMANDIBULAR AND OTHER FACIAL PAIN DISORDERS
- MANAGEMENT OF HOSPITAL PATIENTS
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