Sinopsis
The knowledge base of medicine has been extended, and effective new technologies, techniques and drugs have been developed. This has allowed patients, who in earlier times would have succumbed, to remain alive and live to much greater ages; such patients may be prone to medical emergencies. Collapse or other emergencies in the dental surgery are a cause for anxiety for all involved Atherton et al., 1999a (Box 1.1). This chapter is limited to the main diagnostic and management issues in emergency management for easy reference; fuller discussion of these conditions can be found in the relevant chapters. In general terms, dental professionals need to develop strategies to identify patients at risk of such medical emergencies, to assess the severity of those risks and, where necessary, recognize the need for help and be able to seek advice from a colleague with special competence in the relevant fields. All dental staff need to contend with the increasing variety of medical problems, particularly as they are aware that they face a growing risk of litigation if they do not keep themselves familiar with current knowledge, in line with the increasing acceptance of the need for continuing professional education and development. The comments and recommendations herein should be used as guidelines to care, not commandments. Unfortunately, there are very few randomized controlled trials available to provide evidence for the various practices, and so many of the recommendations have to be based on consensus.
Content
- Medical emergencies
- Medical history and risk assessment
- Perioperative care
- Signs and symptoms
- Cardiovascular medicine
- Endocrinology
- Gastrointestinal and pancreatic disorders
- Haematology
- Hepatology
- Mental health
- Mucosal, oral and cutaneous disorders
- Nephrology
- Neurology
- Otorhinolaryngology
- Respiratory medicine
- Rheumatology and orthopaedics
- Allergies
- Autoimmune disease
- Immunity, inflammatory disorders, immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory agents
- Immunodeficiencies
- Infections and infestations
- Malignant disease
- Metabolic disorders
- Trauma and burns
- Age and gender issues
- Alternative and complementary medicine
- Dietary factors and health and disease
- Impairment and Disability
- Materials and drugs
- Minority groups
- Occupational hazards
- Sexual health
- Sports, travel and leisure, pets
- Substance dependence
- Transplantation and tissue regeneration
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