Sinopsis
Studies have found that shear moduli, having the dynamic range of several orders of magnitude for various biological tissues [1], are highly correlated with the pathological statues of human tissue such as livers [2, 3]. The shear moduli can be investigated by measuring the attenuation and velocity of the shear wave propagation in a tissue region. Many efforts have been made to measure shear wave propagations induced by different types of force, which include the motion force of human organs, external applied force [4], and ultrasound radiation force [5].
In past 15 years, ultrasound radiation force has been successfully used to induce tissue motion for imaging tissue elasticity. Vibroacoustography (VA) uses bifocal beams to remotely induce vibration in a tissue region and detect the vibration using a hydrophone [5]. The vibration center is sequentially moved in the tissue region to form a two-dimensional image. Acoustic Radiation Force Imaging (ARFI) uses focused ultrasound to apply localized radiation force to small volumes of tissue for short durations and the resulting tissue displacements are mapped using ultrasonic correlation based methods [6]. Supersonic shear image remotely vibrates tissue and sequentially moves vibration center along the beam axis to create intense shear plan wave that is imaged at a high frame rate (5000 frames per second) [7]. These image methods provide measurements of tissue elasticity, but not the viscosity.
Content
- Shear Wave Propagation in Soft Tissue and Ultrasound Vibrometry
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