Sinopsis
Because of vastly expanding populations, increasing water demand, and the deterioration of water resource quality and quantity, water is going to be the most precious resource in the world. Thus, the 21st century is called the “water century.” In the 20th century, membrane technologies made great progress, and commercial markets have been spreading very rapidly and throughout the world. The key technologies fueling this progress are as follows:
1. Materials: Chemical design of high-performance materials suitable for each separation mode
2. Morphology: Morphological design of high-performance membranes
3. Element/Module: Element and module design for high-performance membranes
4. Membrane Process: Plant design and operation technology
In 21st century, to solve these water problems, membranes technology is going to be further expanded and new technology—further improvements of membrane performance, development of membrane systems, membranes stability such as antifouling membranes for wastewater treatment, and other highly qualified membranes—will be needed. Among desalination technologies available today, reverse osmosis (RO) is regarded as the most economical desalination process. Therefore, RO membranes have played crucial roles in obtaining fresh water from nonconventional water resources such as seawater and wastewater.
Content
- Thin-Film Composite Membranes for Reverse Osmosis
- Cellulose Triacetate Membranes for Reverse Osmosis
- Seawater Desalination
- Seawater Desalination by Ultralow-Energy Reverse Osmosis
- Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration
- Water Treatment by Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration
- Water Reclamation and Desalination by Membranes
- Chitosan Membranes with Nanoparticles for Remediation of Chlorinated Organics
- Membrane Bioreactors for Wastewater Treatment
- Submerged Membranes
- Nanofiltration
- Membrane Distillation
- Ultrapure Water by Membranes
- Tissue Engineering with Membranes
- Biopharmaceutical Separations by Ultrafiltration
- Nanofiltration in Organic Solvents
- Pervaporation
- Biomedical Applications of Membranes
- Hemodialysis Membranes
- Tangential-Flow Filtration for Virus Capture
- Vapor and Gas Separation by Membranes
- Gas Separation by Polyimide Membranes
- Gas Separation by Carbon Membranes
- Polymeric Membrane Materials and Potential Use in Gas Separation
- Hydrogen Separation Membranes
- Membrane Contactors
- Membrane Reactors
- Facilitated Transport Membranes for Environmental, Energy, and Biochemical Applications
- Fuel Cell Membranes
- Recent Progress in Mixed-Matrix Membranes
- Fabrication of Hollow-Fiber Membranes by Phase Inversion
- Membrane Surface Characterization
- Membrane Characterization by Ultrasonic Time-Domain Reflectometry
- Microstructural Optimization of Thin Supported Inorganic Membranes for Gas and Water Purification
- Structure/Property Characteristics of Polar Rubbery Membranes for Carbon Dioxide Removal
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