Sinopsis
THE HISTORY OF MATHEMATICS begins in 532 BC, the date marking the birth of the Greek mathematician Pythagoras. Having ed the island of Samos in order to escape the tyranny of Polycrates, Pythagoras traveled to Egypt, where, like so many impressionable young Greek men, he “learned number and measure from Egyptians [and] was astonished at the wisdom of the priests.” Thereafter, he settled in southern Italy; he began teaching and quickly attracted disciples. Very little is known directly of his life, except that his contemporaries considered him admirable. Nothing from his own hand remains: He has been preserved against the worm of time by the amber of various literary artifacts. Admission to the Pythagorean sect was evidently based on mathematical ability. Secrecy was enforced and dietary restrictions against beans maintained. New members were required to keep silent for a number of years, a policy that even today many teachers will nd admirable, and they were expected during this time to meditate and reect. Some members of the Pythagorean sect regarded the external world as a prison, a cave lled with ickering shadows and dull brutish shapes. Let me add to this confused but static scene the heat lightning of superb mathematical intuition.
Content
- Number
- Proof
- Analytic Geometry
- The Calculus
- Complex Numbers
- Groups
- Non-Euclidean Geometry
- Sets
- Incompleteness
- The Present
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