Download PDF Physical Chemistry Second Edition by David W. Ball

Sinopsis

Much of physical chemistry can be presented in a developmental manner: One can grasp the easy ideas first and then progress to the more challenging ideas, which is similar to how these ideas were developed in the first place. Two of the major topics of physical chemistry thermodynamics and quantum mechanics lend themselves naturally to this approach.
 

In this first chapter on physical chemistry, we revisit a simple idea from general chemistry: gas laws. Gas laws straightforward mathematical expressions that relate the observable properties of gases were among the first quantifications of chemistry, dating from the 1600s, a time when the ideas of alchemy ruled. Gas laws provided the first clue that quantity, how much, is important in understanding nature. Some gas laws like Boyle’s, Charles’s, Amontons’s, and Avogadro’s laws are simple mathematically. Others can be very complex.
 

Chemistry understands that matter is composed of atoms and molecules, so we will also need to understand how physical chemical ideas relate to these particles; that is, we can take a molecular approach to the topic. We will adopt this approach many times in the next few chapters.
 

In chemistry, the study of large, or macroscopic, systems involves thermodynamics; in small, or microscopic, systems, it can involve quantum mechanics. In systems that change their structures over time, the topic is kinetics. But they all have basic connections with thermodynamics. We will begin the study of physical chemistry with thermodynamics: the study of heat and work in chemistry.

Content

1. Gases and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
2. The First Law of Thermodynamics
3. The Second and Third Laws of Thermodynamics
4. Gibbs Energy and Chemical Potential
5. Introduction to Chemical Equilibrium
6. Equilibria in Single-Component Systems
7. Equilibria in Multiple-Component Systems
8.  Electrochemistry and Ionic Solutions
9. Pre-Quantum Mechanics
10. Introduction to Quantum Mechanics
11. Quantum Mechanics: Model Systems and the Hydrogen Atom
12. Atoms and Molecules
13. Introduction to Symmetry in Quantum Mechanics
14. Rotational and Vibrational Spectroscopy
15. Introduction to Electronic Spectroscopy and Structure
16. Introduction to Magnetic Spectroscopy
17. Statistical Thermodynamics: Introduction
18. More Statistical Thermodynamics
19. The Kinetic Theory of Gases
20. Kinetics
21. The Solid State: Crystals
22. Surfaces

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