Download PDF Molecular Biology and Bio technology Fourth Edition by John M. Walker and Ralph Rapley

Sinopsis

Microorganisms are capable of growing on a wide range of substrates and can produce a remarkable spectrum of products. The relatively recent advent of in vitro genetic manipulation has extended the range of products that may be produced by microorganisms and has provided new methods for increasing the yields of existing ones. The commercial exploitation of the biochemical diversity of microorganisms has resulted in the development of the fermentation industry and the techniques of genetic manipulation have given this well-established industry the opportunity to develop new processes and to improve existing ones. The term fermentation is derived from the Latin verb fervere, to boil, which describes the appearance of the action of yeast on extracts of fruit or malted grain during the production of alcoholic beverages. However, fermentation is interpreted differently by microbiologists and biochemists. To a microbiologist the word means any process for the production of a product by the mass culture of microorganisms. To a biochemist, however, the word means an energy-generating process in which organic compounds act as both electron donors and acceptors, that is, an anaerobic process where energy is produced without the participation of oxygen or other inorganic electron acceptors. In this chapter fermentation is used in its broader, microbiological context.

Content

1. Fermentation Technology
2. Molecular Analysis and Amplification Techniques
3. Recombinant DNA Technology
4. The Expression of Foreign DNA in Bacteria
5. Yeast Cloning and Biotechnology
6. Cloning Genes in Mammalian Cell-lines
7. Plant Biotechnology
8. Molecular, Structural and Chemical Biology in Pharmaceutical Research
9. Genetically Modified Foods
10. Molecular Diagnosis of Inherited Disease
11. DNA in Forensic Science
12. Vaccination and Gene Manipulation
13. Transgenesis
14. Protein Engineering
15. Bioinformatics
16. Immobilization of Biocatalysts
17. Downstream Processing: Protein Extraction and Purification
18. Monoclonal Antibodies
19. Biosensors

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